The nipple is not simply a protruding skin structure.
Inside the nipple, there is a central core where blood vessels, nerves, and milk ducts are densely concentrated. If you try to reduce it too much, problems with function and circulation can occur before any issue with shape. That’s why the key to nipple reduction is not “how much to reduce,” but which structures you can safely preserve.

Vertical skin excision method for nipple reduction

Vertical skin excision method for nipple reduction: A surgical method that reduces overall width by excising a portion of the nipple and suturing it.

Horizontal skin excision method for nipple reduction

Horizontal skin excision method for nipple reduction: A surgical method that shortens length by excising the skin at the base of the nipple and suturing the nipple to the areola.

Pros:
Because it does not affect gland tissue or milk ducts, it does not significantly impact breastfeeding.

Cons:
1. The downside is that it cannot reduce very much. Even at maximum, it can only reduce by about 50%.
2. Because it is sutured under tension after partial excision, scars may be noticeable. The more you reduce, and the more you combine vertical and horizontal excision, the greater the pulling force (tension), making surgical scars more visible.
3. Hypertrophic scars may remain, but more importantly, scar tissue lacks melanocytes, so depigmentation can stand out compared with a darker-pigmented nipple–areola complex.

Nipple reduction is not about how much you can reduce—it is a choice about what you will preserve.